It can be inferred from the passage that the Treasury Department, afte-考呗网

公共英语四级

单选题It can be inferred from the passage that the Treasury Department, after assuming control of the lighthouse, improved which of the following?

A．The training of the lighthouse keeper
B．The sturdiness of the lighthouse
C．The visibility of the light
D．The locations of the lighthouse

参考答案：A进入在线模考

【解析】从全文最后两个词highly professional“高度专业化”，可推测是提高了灯塔看守人的训练。

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1根据下列文章,请回答题。
　　Text 4
　　In the late years of the nineteenth century, "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organisations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. Meanwhile the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.
　　The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners;and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. During the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India,Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world's movement towards industrialisation. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large "comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand "shareholding" meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilisation.
　　The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of employees in the company in which they held shares, and their influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the workers and their demands, but even he had seldom familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employers had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business. Indeed the mere size of operations and the number of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organisation of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other's strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.
The author says that old family firms_

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2The growth of limited liability companies resulted in_____

A．the separation of capital from managemen
B．the ownership of capital by manager
C．the emergence of capital and labour as two classe
D．the participation of shareholders in land ownershi

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3The text indicates that_____

A．some countries developed quickly because of the emergence of the limited liability companie
B．the tide of industralisation would widely benefit British shareholders greatl
C．shareholders contributed a lot to the fast growth of the British econom
D．the system of shareholding impaired the management of modern companie

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