第54题选 -考呗网

公共英语四级

单选题第54题选

本题是顺接关系题。该空格属于第九段的段首句。空格前面提到了“病态赌博行为”的一个定义。空格后则指出“socie-ty is reclassifying what once wglre considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities．”
社会对性格缺陷或道德沦丧的新看法。即上下文都从理论上谈及赌博，与赌场或赌徒的具体行为不相关，所以可以排除A、C、E三项。根据上下文的衔接关系又可将D、G两项排除，因为其中都引入了新信息：政府与网上赌博。B项的“compulsive behav-ior”虽与前面的“uncontroHable”相呼应，却与下文没有任何关联。而F项内容上也谈到了社会对意志力薄弱这一行为的新看法，与前后文都具有意义和逻辑上的一致性。．此外，该选项的“defining as…”与空格后的“reclassifying…as…”结构类似，且“medicalize”与上文的“diagnostic，mental disorders，pathologi-cal”和空格后的“physical”都是属于医学范畴的词；“weakness of will”与空格后的“character flaws”这一信息相关。

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1第55题选

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2根据下面资料，回答题
56) Fathers exposed to poisonous substances are probably just as likely to be the cause of de-fects in their unborn infants as mothers. Yet it is women who are told to stop drinking and smoking and to look after their health when they are pregnant. And it is women who fred that they are banned from jobs where they are exposed to harmful chemicals or radiation.57 ) Despite a growing body of scientific evidence that a man´ s exposure to damaging substances can affect his offspring,pregnant women are still charged with the responsibility of keeping their infants healthy, said Glad-ys Friedler, of the Boston University School of Medicine. "This is puzzling", she said. "Most of the workforce is still male, so why do we still spend so much time looking at women? The health of men as well as women should be of concern. "
In the US,2,500,000 children are born with birth defects each year. In 60 percent of cases the origin of the defect is not known.58) These figures do not include less obvious problems that appear later in development, such as biochemical malfunctions and behavioral problems.
Many researchers still seem reluctant to contemplate that a man´ s environment can influence the health of children. "If the effects had not been so obvious, we might still be reluctant to ac-knowledge the effect of environmental agents on women. " Despite this, there is a reluctance to ac-cept the accumulated evidence of men´ s effects on development, she said.59) Some companies have already taken steps to "protect the unborn child" by excluding women from jobs where they might be exposed to dangerous substances. This has led to some bitter disputes between the women and their employers in the US. The most famous case, now before the Supreme Court, pits a group of women and their union against Johnson Controls, a company which makes batteries.60 ) The company transferred women from higher-paying jobs where they were exposed to lead on the grounds that it had to protect unborn children. The irony is that children born to men working in the factory are probably just as much at risk.
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3第57题答案

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