公共英语四级
Education is primarily the responsibility of the states. State constitutions set up certain stand-ards and rules for the establishment of school. State laws require children to go to school undl they reach a certain age. The actual control of the schools, however, is usually a local matter.
The control of the schools does not usually come directly from the local government. In each of the three types of, city government, public schools are generally quite separate and independent.
They cooperate with local officials but are not dominated by the municipal government. Most A-mericans believe that schools should be free of political pressures. They believe that the separate control of the school systems preserves such freedom,
Public schools are usually maintained by school districts. The state often sets the district boundaries. Sometimes the school district has the same boundaries as the city. Sometimes it is lar-ger than the city.
In the South, county boards of education members are elected. In some places they are ap-pointed by the mayor or city council. The state legislature decides which method should be used.
Most district boards of education try to give all pupils a chance to get a good education. A good education prepares a person to live a better life. It helps him to become a better citizen.
Nearly all states give financial aid to local school districts. State departments of education offer other kinds of aid. States offer help with such things as program planning and the school districts.
The federal government also helps. The National Defense Education Act allows school districts to get financial aid for certain purposes. The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 added many other kinds of financial help. But neither the state nor the federal government dictates school policy. This is determined by local school boards.
Which of the following law is related to education?
A．The National Defense Education Act．
B．The。Elementary and Secondary Education Act．
C．The Independence Act．
D．Both A and B．
本文介绍了美国的教育制度。美国的教育主要是各州的任务，但事实上对学校的控制权仍在地方。美国人支持独立办学的精神，所以尽管学校受地方政府和地方官员领导，但有自己的独立决策权。各州规定学校的区划。在南方，各县的教育董事会由选举产生。一些地方则是由市长或市议会指定。绝大多数地区的教育董事会都尽力让所有的孩子有机会上学，有改变自己命运的机会。各州都对当地校区拨款，联邦政府也有义务援助教育，国防教育法案和基础教育法案都对此有所规定。
答案及解析
【命题目的】此题考查对文章信息的捕捉。
【解题要点】除独立法案在文中没提到，国防教育法及基础和中等教育法在文中都提到过，所以，D项较全面地概括了答案。
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A．By setting up certain standard and rules．
B．By requesting the children to go to schools until they are of certain age．
C．Either A or B．
D．Both A and B．
A．By uniting all the schools into a union．
B．By having the federal administration．
C．By having separate and independent control．
D．By cooperating with the state government．
A．people believe that it will ensure the existence of freedom
B．people believe．that it will deprive the school of the financial aid
C．local government can rid itself from the financial burden
D．state government is not willing to exert its effort on it
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