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填空题公共英语四级

2018-03-04

第35题答案

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答案解析

when【解析】本句意思为当与有相似基因的伴侣在一块时，故填when。

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1 根据下面资料，回答题
Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in roboticsthe science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.
As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micromechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter ac-curacy-far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.
But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselvesgoals that pose a real challenge. "While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error, says Dave La-very, manager of a robotics program at NASA, "we can´ t yet give a robot enough ´ common sense´ to reliably interact with a dynamic world. "
Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microproces-sors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.
What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain´ s roughly one hun-tired billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the, error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rap-idly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent, that is irrelevant, instantaneously fo- cusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspiciousface in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can´ t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don´ t know quite how we do it.
Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in__________.

A．the use of machines to produce science fiction

B．the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry

C．the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work

D．the elite’s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work

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2 The word“gizmos”(Line l，Paragraph 2)most probably means“ __________ ”．

A．programs

B．experts

C．devices

D．creatures

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3 According to the text．what is beyond man’s ability now is to design a robot that Can__________.

A．fulfill delicate tasks like perforrrtm'g brain surgery

B．interact with human beings verbally，

C．have a little common sense

D．respond independently to a changing world

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