第54题选 -考呗网

公共英语四级

单选题第54题选

本题是顺接关系题。该空格出现在第四段末尾。根据53题的解析可知，第四段是对博厄斯历史特殊主义理论的详细阐述，而选项B提到了Boas为全面研究特定的文化而钻研其他相关学科知识，而且其中的“particular cultures”正好与他的历史特殊主义理论相呼应，因而与前面句子内容联系密切、语义连贯、衔接合理。

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1第55题选

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2根据下面资料，回答题
56) While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern prac-tice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the signifi-cant events of the past. Caught in the web of its own time and place, each generation of historians determines anew what is significant for it in the past. In this search the evidence found is always in-complete and scattered； it is also frequently partial or partisan. The irony of the historians craft is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process.
Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy, the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an un-derstanding of the past. Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world.
57 ) During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodol-ogies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study. Methodology is a term that remains inherently ambiguous in ´the historical profession.
58 ) There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. His-torians, especially those so blinded by their research intereststhat they have been accused of "tunnel method", frequently fall victim to the" technicist fallacy".59)Also common in the natmal sciences,the technicist fallacy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its technical implementation.
60)It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources. And to social science historians who equate their activity with specific tech-niques.
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3第57题答案

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