This new business is not liked by all partly because

A．it shifts the tax load from the poor to the rich．

B．it gets profit by undermining the two-layered system．

C．it harms the interests of local governments．

D．it violates the equal opportunities principle．

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答案解析

该题为细节题。A项认为这种新型行业将穷人的缴税负担转移到了富人身上，文中未提到这一观点；根据第三段最后一句“Critics say this perpetuates a two-layered system…”可知，这种新型行业延续了而不是破坏了双层体制，故排除B；根据第三段第二句和第三句“Non-tax income，like fines and fees，makes up a-bout 7％of local-government revenue in Washington．Mr．Dorsey a-lone relieves that fund of$150，000 a year．”可知，免税收入，比如罚金和各种费用，占华盛顿政府年收入的7％，仅多斯先生一人就使华盛顿政府每年减少了15万美元的收入，因此这种新兴行业损害了政府的利益，故选C；根据第四段可知，服务加速者不应该被指责制造了不公平的体制，不管怎样，他们的委托人不仅仅是富人，他们也帮助几乎不懂英语的可怜的外国人应对罚单申辩程序，并且使老年人和残疾人免去了排队之苦，因此他们并没有破坏平等机会原则，故排除D。

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1 It Can be inferred from the text that service expediters could possibly

A．sort out troubles for elderly and disabled people．

B．help collect fines for local governments．

C．sting the government into improving services．

D．help poor foreigners navigate home．

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2 The best rifle for the text probably is

A．The Taming of the Queue．

B．Controversy over New Businesses．

C．You Wait，I Wait，We All Wait．

D．The Bureaucratic Beast．

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3 根据下面资料，回答题
A continuing phenomenon in business education is the emphasis on ethics. The American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business ( AACSB ) accreditation standards emphasize the need for an ethical awareness along with an understanding of "influence of political, social,legal and reg-ulatory,environmental, and technological issues..." 61 )One of the difficult ethical challenges it wants addressed concerns "inclusiveness," which we have interpreted to mean a "large umbrella" approach, in, for example, employee concerns. To this end, matters such as .sexual preference are dealt with in a case involving a supervisor.62 ) Possibly the greatest ethical idea that could build bridges in an increasingly fragmented society is the idea that empirical evidence must be sought and used to bring an agreement in controversial public issues.
Clearly the greatest impact upon the business enterprise evidencing external political and social environments occurs with respect to law. Law is the way in which society and the political process translating into concrete form the forces shaping the business environment. Perhaps the most impor-tant development is the recognition that positive law has become the ethic of our time.63 ) A key reason for this is the highly competitive nature of the business environment, where international competitors are threatening the very existence of the domestic U. S. businesses;this competition forces U. S. businesses to take a "bare bones," "do just what the law requires and no more" approach to ethics. Actually, the U. S. legal system is for more than a"bare bones" to legal rights.
64)In fact,it could persuasively be argued that law in this nature has crept into the realm of natural law and norms formerly described by private decision makers are now decreed by legislative commands. It is tree that ethics involves doing the "right" thing, the just thing, the morally correct thing;however, positive law is now commanding us to "do the right thing. " Given the need to keep costs under control, most U. S. businesses give a sigh of relief and say," This is enough ethics for me ;thanks,"if they can simply comply with the pervasive positive law. These businesses point out that their foreign competitors do not have the extensive--and expensive--protective labor laws, the Clean Water Act, the Fair Labor Standards Act, and a host of other laws.65 ) These laws have praiseworthy goals; nonetheless, they make competing with businesses in other countries without such laws difficult,if not impossible, particularly when costs are taken into account.
第61题答案

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