As to the solution of the problems in the future．the author appears to be

A．somewhat doubtful．

B．much skeptical．

C．moderately optimistic．

D．extremely desperate．

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参考答案

答案解析

该题为观点态度题。根据最后一段的最后一句“We maynot completely win the 21st century microbe War．but I am confi-dent that we won’t lose it．”可知，作者认为我们也许不会完全赢得21世纪的细菌战争，但他坚信我们并不会失败。可见作者对解决问题的态度是适度乐观的，故选C。

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1 What does the text mainly discuss?

A．Threats from the new microbes in the next century．

B．How new viruses affect the human society．

C．what megacities may bring to human species．

D．The disastrous effect of nuclear and biological weapons．

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2 根据下面资料，回答题
Given the fact that each person is only one of approximately 90 million voters in this country,does it make sense to believe that one person´s participation, one vote, will have any impact on a major election? Simply to raise the question "What if everyone felt the same way?" does not re-move the lingering impression that a single person is made to feel insignificant by the enormous number of people who do go to the polls, especially in a national election.
Supporters of the ruling elite theory insist that even though voters are given a choice among candidates, their choice is restricted to a narrow range of similar-minded individuals approved by the ruling elite. Elections do not express what most people want or need, nor do they provide guidance for politicians (even if they want it) on what policies to enact. In this view, elections are primarily just rituals that perform a symbolic function for society.
Still, since most people continue to show faces at the polls at one time or another, what argu-ments can be made in favor of voting? One argument is that voting does have significance, if not in individual impact, then in group pressure. Because citizens collectively have the power to give or withhold votes, they directly control the term in office of elected officials. Even if the choice is be-tween Tweedledee and Tweedledum, Tweedledee knows that one must be accountable and this is fixed by law, and that minimally he or she must strive to avoid displeasing the constituents to lose the job.
But perhaps political effectiveness and impact in voting are not the only consideration anyway.
People do not vote only to influence policy. Millions go to the effort to register and vote for a varie-ty of other reasons as well. Some people may participate just to avoid feeling guilty about not voting. They may have been taught that is their patriotic duty to vote and that they have no right to complain about the outcome if they stay at home. Still others may vote to derive satisfaction from feeling that they are somehow participants, not just spectators, in an exciting electoral contest.
Even if their one vote may not be crucial to the outcome, it nevertheless affirms their role in and support for the political process. Indeed, perhaps it is this final need that fuels the desire for full democratic participation among people in many nations of the world.
What is the true nature of elections according to the ruling elite theory?

A．They are routine practices in a modem society．

B．They are political gathering for a small number of people．

C．They are deceptive schemes manipulated by the ruling party．

D．They are chances for those who want to utter their wishes．

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3 According to Paragraph 3，people go to the polls because they

A．believe it’s their responsibility to vote．

B．believe their collective power makes a difference．

C．want to show the strength and impact of each individual．

D．don’t want to risk losing their jobs．

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