成人英语三级

单选题根据下面资料,回答题
In Lusaka, Zambia, a young man applying for a job was told to see the manager.He leaned over the receptionist´s desk and asked."What tribe(部落) is he?" When the recep-tionist told him that the manager was a Mashona, the applicant replied , "Then I´ll never get the job."
This phenomenon is called tribalism(部落主义).There are more than 2,000 tribes in black Africa.Each has its own language, customs, and physical characteristics that make its members almost immediately recognizable to a person from another tribe.To the Wester-ner,tribalism is one of the most difficult of African customs to understand.It makes many people think of savagery, warfare, or old-fashioned customs.
However, to most Africans, tribalism simply means very strong loyalty to one´s ethnic group.It is a force that can be both good and bad.By definition tribalism means sharing among members of the extended family.It makes sure that a person is taken care of by his own group tribesman.To give a job to a fellow is not wrong; it is an obligation.Similarly,for a politician or military leader, it is considered good common sense to choose his closest advisers from people of his own tribe.This ensures security, continuity, and authority.Trib-al loyalty may mean a quick promotion--from sergeant to captain, from clerk to manager--within a very short time.
Tribalism remains perhaps the most powerful force in day-to-day African life.Yet mod-ern African politicians publicly speak out against tribal divisions.
In paragraph 1,why did the young man believe his job application will be refused?

A.His behavior was not appropriate.
B.He belonged to the same tribe with the manager.
C.He didn't belong to the same tribe with the manager.
D.His questions annoyed the receptionist.

参考答案:C进入在线模考
【参考译文】
在赞比亚的卢萨卡,一个找工作的年轻人要去见经理。在前台那里他问接待员:“经理是哪个部落的?”当得知经理是马绍那人时,他就说:“看来我永远不可能得到这个工作了。”
这种现象叫做部落主义。在非洲有两千多个部落,每个部落都有自己的语言、习俗和外貌特点,这些特点能够很快地将他们与其他部落的人区分开来。然而对于西方人来说,部落主义是非洲最难理解的习俗之一。这让很多人联想到野蛮、战争以及过时的风俗。
然而,对于大多数人来说,部落主义却意味着对自己种族的忠诚。这有好处也有坏处。
从定义上来看,部落主义意味着在一个种族的大家庭里和成员共享一切。这能确保人们得到自己同部落人的照顾。给部落的人提供工作是正确的做法,而且还是一种义务。同样,对于政治或者军事领袖来说,从自己部落里挑选最亲信的参谋是大家的一种共识,因为这样能够确保安全性、持续性和权威性。对部落的忠诚就可能意味着在很短时间内的快速升迁一从中士到上尉,从普通职员到经理。
部落主义可能仍然是非洲人民生活中很强大的一种影响力,不过现在非洲政治家们都公开反对这种部落分离状况。
【答案详解】
逻辑推理题。第一段有When the receptionist told him that the manager was a Mashona,the applicant replied,“Then l’ll never get the job”。求职者一听说经理是马绍那人,就说自己肯定不会得到这个工作,可知能否得到工作跟是否同属一个部落大有关系,故答案选C。

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1The situation in the first paragraph is an example of__________.

A.the difficulty of getting a job in Africa
B.the disagreement on tribalism among Africans
C.the great numbers of tribes in Africa
D.the importance of tribalism in Africa

2What might be the common attitudes of Westerners towards tribalism?

A.Positive.
B.Indifferent.
C.Negative.
D.None of the above.

3According to the article, which of the following is NOT an evidence of tribalism?

A.Sergeants maintain security in his own tribe.
B.Politicians choose men from his own tribe as intimate advisers.
C.Military leaders promote fellow tribesmen to higher positions.
D.Managers give jobs to fellow tribesmen.