Section Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage-考呗网

英语六级

单选题Section
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions are based on the following passage.
　　Opinion polls are now beginning to show a reluctant consensus that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely.
　　But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future of work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many other ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centres of production and work?
The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
　　Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail then by road,people commuted longer distances to their places of employment, until, eventually, many people's work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
　　Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage as men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community in pre-industrial times, while now it becomes customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. Also as employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the Utopian goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.
Research carried out in recent opinion polls

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【设题处】同位语从句处设题
【解析】选[A]。文章首段首句指出高失业率是现今存在的无法改变的事实，[A]与此相符，故为答案。[B] “应创造更多的工作以解决高失业率问题”并非民意测验所显示的结果；[C](现有的工作应在失业人群中最广泛地进行分配)中的available employment出现在文章首段第二句，这点不是民意测验所显示的结果，而是该结果所引发的思考。

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1The passage suggests that we should now reexamine our thinking about the future of work and _________.

A．create more factories in order to increase our productivity
B．be prepared to admit that being employed is not the only kind of work
C．set up smaller private enterprises so that we in turn can employ others
D．be prepared to fill in time at home taking up hobbies and leisure activities

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2The enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries meant that people were_______________

A．no longer legally entitled to their own land
B．badly paid for the work they managed to find
C．not adequately compensated for the loss of their land
D．forced to look elsewhere for means for Supporting themselves

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3According to the passage, as employment became a dominant form of work, _____________

A．women were left to work at homes
B．old people tend to live a more active life
C．women enjoy more working opportunities
D．men and women begin to share the household work

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