Which two areas are most prominent improved as the result of the wealth brought by mining?

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【设题处】比较处设题
【答案】Health and education．
【解析】题干考查矿业繁荣后改进最大的领域。第七段首句就提到Mining also，of course，brings considerable benefits，接着具体介绍矿业所带来的利益，末句特别提到医疗保健和教育设施(health care and educational facilities)是受益最大的领域。

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1 Who are equally polluted but benefit less from the prosperity of mining?

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2 Section
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions are based on the following passage.
　　Opinion polls are now beginning to show a reluctant consensus that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely.
　　But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future of work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many other ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centres of production and work?
The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
　　Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail then by road,people commuted longer distances to their places of employment, until, eventually, many people's work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
　　Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage as men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community in pre-industrial times, while now it becomes customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. Also as employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the Utopian goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.
Research carried out in recent opinion polls

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3 The passage suggests that we should now reexamine our thinking about the future of work and _________.

A．create more factories in order to increase our productivity

B．be prepared to admit that being employed is not the only kind of work

C．set up smaller private enterprises so that we in turn can employ others

D．be prepared to fill in time at home taking up hobbies and leisure activities

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