单选题 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A． Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society
B． Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change
C． Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society
D． Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young
【答案】B。解析：根据第二段“social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects…in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early．．．in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites”可知A、C、D项都正确，而由第一段最后一句可知，不同的观点以及对现状不满可以加速社会变革。因此B项错误。
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3根据以下材料，回答题
Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they' re always coming in for criticism.Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. "It's iniquitous," they say, "that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each
year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don't they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it's the consumer who pays ..."
The poor old consumer! He'd have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn't create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap.
But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. An-other equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about house-hold goods derives largely from the advertisements we read.
Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would ob-tain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.
Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted, It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are,
too!Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway bye-laws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper?A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities. We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution
to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many
broad-cast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!
Another thing we mustn't forget is the"small ads." which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about
any- thing can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the "hatch, match and
dis- patch" column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or "agony" column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into
human nature. It's the best advertisement for advertising there is!
What is the main idea of this passage?
A． Advertisement.
B． The benefits of advertisement.
C． Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.
D． The costs of advertisement.
