公共英语三级

单选题 根据下面资料,回答题。
By the time you retire, there´ s no doubt about it, your brain isn´ t what it used to be. By 65,most people will start to notice the signs: you forget people´ s names and the teapot occasionally turns up in the fridge.
There is a good reason why our memories start to let us down. At this stage of life, we are steadily losing brain cells in critical areas. This is not too much of a problem at first; even in old age, the brain is flexible enough to compensate. At some point, though, the losses start to make themselves felt.
Clearly, not everyone ages in the same way, so what´ s the difference between a happy, intelli-gent old person and a forgetful, bad-tempered granny? And can we improve our chances of becoming the former?
Exercise can certainly help. Numerous studies have shown that gentle exercise three times a week can improve concentration and abstract reasoning in older people, perhaps by encouraging the growth of new brain cells. Exercise also helps steady our blood sugar. As we age, our blood sugar control worsens, which causes a large increase in blood sugar levels. This can affect an area that helps form memories. Since physical activity helps control blood sugar, getting out and about could reduce these peaks and, potentially, improve your memory.
Coordination training could also help. Studies have shown that specifically targeting motor control and balance improves learning function in 60 to 80-year-olds.
"Brain training" was once considered strange, but a study concludes that computerised brain exercises can improve memory and attention in the over 65s. Importantly, these changes were large enough that participants reported significant improvements in everyday activities, such as remembe-ring names or following conversations in noisy restaurants.
Avoiding the complaints is even easier. In fact, your brain is doing all it can" to ensure a con-tented retirement. By 65, we are much better at increasing the experience of positive emotion, says Florin Dolcos, a neurobiologist at the University of Alberta in Canada. In experiments, he found that people over the age of 60 tended to remember fewer emotionally negative photographs com-pared with positive ones than younger people.
It is usual for retired people to have__________.

A.a distant memory
B.a terrible memory
C.a painful memory
D.a changeable memory

参考答案:B进入在线模考
参考译文
毫无疑问,等到你退休了,你的大脑就不会是以前的样子了。到65岁的时候,大多数人都会注意到这样的迹象:你会忘记人们的名字,茶壶有时会出现在冰箱里。
有一个原因能够解释为何我们的记忆会开始不尽人意。在生命的这一阶段,大脑重要区域的细胞开始稳定地减少。刚开始的时候,这并不会造成很大的困扰。即使是在年老的时候,大脑也很灵活,能够补充流失的大脑细胞。然而,在某些时候,细胞的减少开始造成困扰。很显然,每个人老去的方式并不一样。因此一位快乐、睿智的老人和一位健忘、坏脾气的奶奶之间到底有什么不同呢?我们能够通过努力变得和前者一样吗?
锻炼一定有帮助。许多研究表明每周三次轻缓的锻炼能够帮助提高老年人的注意力和抽象思维的能力,也许是通过促进新脑细胞增长的方式。锻炼也能帮助我们稳定血糖。当我们渐渐变老,我们的血糖控制力降低,这将导致血糖水平的大幅度提高。从而对形成记忆的区域产生影响。因为运动能够帮助控制血糖,经常出去运动能够帮助减少血糖高峰值的出现,进而有可能提高记忆力。
协调训练同样也有帮助。研究表明,针对性地训练控制和平衡运动神经能够提高60到80岁老人的学习机能。
“大脑训练”曾经被认为是十分奇怪的,但是一项研究表明用电脑辅助式大脑训练能够提高65岁以上的老人的记忆和注意力。重要的是,这些变化是如此的巨大以至于参与者报告说在日常生活中的记忆力出现了显著地提高,例如,记住名字或者能够在吵闹的餐厅进行交谈。
避免抱怨就更加容易了。事实上,你的大脑正在尽全力确保你能够拥有满意的退休。根据加拿大亚伯达大学的神经生物学家弗洛林•多尔科斯所说,到65岁的时候,我们在增加积极情绪方面的经历已经做得很好了。在实验中,和年轻人相比,他发现60岁以上的老人更容易记住积极意义的图片,而不是消极的图片。
【精析】推断题。由第一段第一句“By the time you retire,there’s no doubt about it,your brain isn’t what it used to be.”并结合全文可知,退休以后老年人的记忆会变得非常差,也就是比较健忘。A项意为“遥远的记忆”;B项意为“糟糕的记忆”;C项意为“痛苦的记忆”;D项意为“易变的记忆”。故选B。

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