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2009-03-01

Which of the following best describes the experience of going in a lift now?

A．Fascinating

B．Uninteresting

C．Frightening

D．Exciting

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参考答案

B

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1 Psychologists find the lift a good place where they can study human behavior because_____．

A．here humans behave the way animals do

B．people in a lift are all scared

C．here some people take noted

D．in a lift the bubble of personal space breaks

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2 　　Find Yourself Packing It on?Blame Friends
　　Obesity can spread from person to person，much like a virus，researchers are reporting today．When one person gains weight，close friends tend to gain weight，too．
　　Their study，published in The New England Journal of Medicine，involved a detailed analysis of a large social net-work of 12，067 people who had been closely followed far 32 years，from l971 to 2003．
　　The investigators knew who was friends with whom as well as who was a spouse or sibling or neighbor，and they knew how much each person weighed at various times over three decades．That let them reconstrnet what happened over the years as individuals became obese．Did their friends also become obese?Did family members?Or neighbors?
　　The answer，the researchers report，was that people were most likely to become obese when a friend became obese．That increased a persons chances or becoming obese by 57 percent．There was no effect when a neighbor gained or lost weight，however，and family members had less influence than friends．
　　It did not even matter if the friend was hundreds of miles away．the influence remained．And the greatest influence of all was between close mutual friends．There，if one became obese，the other had a 171 percent increased chance of becoming obese，too．
　　The same effect seemed to occur for weight loss，the investigators say．But since most people were gaining，not losing，over the 32 years，the result was，off average，that people grew fatter．
　　Dr．Nicholas a Christakis，a physician and professor of medical sociology at Halward Medical School and a principal investigator in the new study，said one explanation was that friends affected each others’perception of fatness．When a close friend becomes obese，obesity may not look so bad．
　　“You change your idea of what is an acceptable body type by looking at the people around you，”Dr．Christakis said．
　　The investigators say their findings can help explain why Americans have become fatter in recent years-each person who became obese was likely to drag along some friends!
　　Their analysis W&S unique，Dr．Christakis said，because it moved beyond a simple analysis of one person and his or her social contacts and instead examined an entire social network at once，looking at how a person’s friend’s friends，or influence on a person’s weight or a spouse’s sibling’s friends，could have an influence on a person’s weight．
　　The effects，he said，“highlight the importance of contagion，that spreads through the network．”Of course，the investigators say，social networks are not the only factors that affect body weight．There is a strong genetic component at work，too．
　　Science has shown tbat individuals have genetically determined ranges of weights．spanning perhaps 30 or so pounds for each person．But that leaves a large role for the environment in determining whether a person’s weight is Heal the top of his or her range or near the bottom．As people have gott

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3 Which of the following statement about a friend’s influence is false according to the report?

A．Friends had more innuence than family members on people vcho became obes

B．Even if the friend lives far away，the influence still remained

C．People were not likely to lose weight when they have skinny friend

D．The greatest innHence of all was between close mutual friend

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