英语四级

单选题Questions    are based on the following passage.
  Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem( 生态系统., to the health of the Earth and human well-being. Much has been written about the diversity of terrestrial organisms ( 陆生生物., particularly the exceptionally rich life associated with tropical rain-forest habitats. Relatively little has been said, however, about diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef.systems are comparable to rain forests in terms of richness of life.
An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the planet's dominant, most distinctive feature-the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues. Seen from far away, it is easy to realize that land masses occupy only one-third of the Earth's surface. Given that two-thirds of the Earth's surface is water and that marine life lives at all levels of the ocean, the total three-dimensional living space of the ocean is perhaps 100 times greater than that of land and contains more than 90 percent of all life on Earth even though the ocean has fewer distinct species.
The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem surprising,considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species. One scientist found many different species of ants in just one tree from a rain forest. While every species is different from every other species, the genetic makeup constrains them to be insects and to share similar characteristics with 750,000 species of insects. If basic, broad categories such as phyla( 门. and classes( 纲. are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably in the sea. Nearly every major type of plant and animal has some representation there.
To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small. Every spoonful of ocean water contains life, on the order of 100 to 100,000 bacterial cells plus assorted microscopic (极小的. plant sand animals, including larvae( 幼虫. of organisms ranging from sponges and corals to starfish and clams( 蛤蜊.and much more.
The main point of the passage is that

A.humans are destroying thousands of species
B.there are thousands of insect species
C.the sea is even richer in life than the land
D.coral reefs are similar to rain forests

参考答案:C进入在线模考
【参考译文】
随着人们对物种及其栖息地不断减少的关注,人们也逐渐意识到生物多样性(一个特定的生态体系中的物种数量)对地球健康和人类福祉的重要性。[52]然而,即便珊瑚礁生态体系可以在物种多样性方面跟热带雨林相媲美,相比较而言,海洋生物的多样性却很少被人提及。
如果一名外星人来探索地球,他会首选地球上面积最大、特征最显著的地方,那就是海洋。人类对陆地的偏爱更多,这种观念有时会阻碍人类真正探索全球问题。从离开地球表面很远的地方看,很容易就能发现陆地面积仅占地球表面的三分之一。目前已有很多关于陆生生物多样性的书籍,尤其是与热带雨林栖息地联系在一起的异常丰富多样的生物。由于地球表面三分之二都是水域而且海洋生物生活在大海的各层水域,整个海洋的三维生存空间可能是陆地上的100倍,而且,虽然海洋里的独特物种没有陆地上多,但是其中包含了地球上所有生物的90%还多。
[53]有一半的已知物种都被认为是生活在热带雨林里的,这种情况似乎不足为奇,只要想想数量巨大的昆虫所构成的这个物种群就明白了。有位科学家在热带雨林的同一棵树上发现了很多不同种类的蚂蚁。尽管种类各不相同,但由于基因构造的限制,它们都是昆虫,与其他75万种昆虫拥有同样的特征。[54]如果从基础的、更宽泛的分类来看,比如重点关注门和纲:而不是区别不同的物种:那么毫无疑问:生物多样性最丰富的将是海洋。几乎每个主要种类的动植物在海洋中都有自己的代表。
要想全面地欣赏海洋生物的丰富多彩,把里面的生命想得渺小些会有所帮助。每一勺海水都包含着生命,相当于100~100000个细菌再加上各种各样的微型植物和微小动物,包括海绵、珊瑚、海星、蛤蜊以及更多其他种类生物的幼体。
【答案解析】
定位:根据题干信息the main point of the  passage可知解答本题需通观全文。
解析:题干问文章的主要观点是什么。作者主要谈的内容就是海洋生物的多样性往往被人们所忽视,人们只知道热带雨林中的物种丰富,却不知占地球表面2/3的海洋的各层水域都有数量巨大的生物体存在,其总量超过陆地生物。答案应为C。

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1Why does the author compare rain forests with coral reefs?

A.They are approximately the same size.
B.They share many similar species.
C.Most of their inhabitants require water.
D.Both have many different forms of life.

2The passage suggests that most rain forest species are

A.insects
B.bacteria
C.mammals
D.birds

3 The author argues that there is more diversity of life in the sea than in the rain forests because

A.there are too many insects to make meaningful distinctions
B.more phyla and classes of life are represented in the sea
C.many insect species are too small to be divided into categories
D.marine life forms reproduce at a faster rate