so much less likely to survive surgery that many doctors refuse to operate until they slim.
The idea that being overweight is caused by obesity genes is not wholly false: researchers have found a numb of genes that appear to make .some people burn off energy at a slower rate. But genes are not destiny. The differen~ between someone with a genetic predisposition to gain weight and someone without appears to be roughly 40 caloes--or a spoonful of mayonnaise--a day.
An alternative fatlash argument, advanced in books such as Dean Onrush' s Eat More, Weight Less ( Harp Collies, 1993 ) and Date Atrens' s Don' t Diet ( William Morrow, 1978), is that fatness is not a matter of eating to much. They note that as Americans' weight has ballooned over the last few decades, their reported caloric intake has plunged. This simply explains people' s own recollection of how much they eat is extremely unreliable. And they grow fatter, people feel guilty and are more likely to fib about how much they eat. All reputable studies sho that eating less and exercising reduce weight.
Certainly, the body' s metabolism slows a little when you lose weight, because it takes less energy to carry le bulk around, and because dieting can make the body fear it is about to starve. But a sensible low-fat diet make weight loss possible. The fatlash movement is dangerous, because slimmers will often find any excuse to give up To tell people that it is healthy to be obese is to encourage them to live sick and die young.
The two Brooklynites in the first paragraph were __

A．members of the NAAFA
B．typical victims of overweight
C．members of the " fatlash" movement
D．proof that the fatlash movement is gaining strength