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单选题交通银行

2016-05-06

The author believes that, to find efficient ways of keeping economy going, economists have to__________.

A．find the exact causes for economic decline

B．find ways to fight unemployment

C．work out all the factors that lead to economic prosperity

D．cooperate with businessmen and politicians

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参考答案

D

答案解析

全文最后一句指出，经济如何运转，用什么样的补救方法可以保持其有效运转这是经济学家的工作．但他们必须同商人和政治家一起工作(来解决问题)。选项D为正确答案。

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1 根据下面材料，回答题。
Disagreements among economists are legendary, but not on the issue of free trade. A recent survey of prominent economists both conservative and liberal concluded that an economist who argues for restricting international trade is almost as common today as a physician who favors leeching.
Why the consensus? International free trade, economists agree, makes possible higher standards of living all over the globe.
The case for free trade rests largely on this principle: as long as trade is voluntary, both partners benefit, otherwise they wouldn't trade. The buyer of a shirt, for example, values the shirt more than the money spent, while the seller values the money more. Both are better off because of the sale. Moreover, it doesn't matter whether the shirt salesman is from the United States or Hong Kong (or anywhere else).
The vast majority of American manufactures face international competition. This competition forces companies to improve quality and cut costs. By contrast, protectionism encourages monopoly, lower quality and higher prices.
Americans pay an enormous price for protectionism over $60 billion a year, or $1000 for a family of four. Thanks to protectionism, for example, American consumers pay twice the world price for sugar.
Free trade also makes the world economy more efficient, by allowing nations to capitalize on their strengths. The United States has an advantage in food production, for instance, while Saudi Arabia has an advantage in oil. The Saudis could undertake massive irrigation to become self-sufficient in food, but it is more economical for them to sell oil and purchase food from us. Similarly, we could become self-sufficient in petroleum by squeezing more out of oil shale. But it is much less costly to buy some of our oil from Saudi Arabia. Trade between our two countries improves the standard of living in both.
Protectionism is both wasteful and unjust. It taxes most heavily the people who can least afford it. Thus, tariffs that raise the price of shoes burden the poor more than the rich. Despite the powerful case for free trade, the United States and the rest of the world have always been protectionist to some degree. This is because free trade benefits the general public, while protectionism benefits special interest groups, which are better organized, better financed and more informed. To make matters worse, much of what we hear on this issue is misinformation spread by the special interests themselves.
The economists__________.

A．agree on the restriction of internal trade

B．disagree whether to restrict free trade or not

C．hold different arguments because of their different interests

D．agree on free trade

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2 What is the author's attitude toward protectionism denoted from the fifth paragraph?

A．Ironic

B．Sincere

C．Grateful.

D．Appreciative

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3 According to the free trade principle, the author suggests that__________.

A．Saudi Arabia build its own food industry

B．Saudi Arabia import food from U.S.

C．U.S. become self-sufficient with its oil

D．U.S. explore its oil shale

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