The design of the orbiter indicates__________.

A．NASA's determination to continue space exploration.

B．NASA's disadvantage in space technology.

C．the great pressure from Congress on NASA.

D．a heavy defeat for NASA.

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细节题。题干：这架航天飞机的设计表明了什么?利用题干关键词可以定位到第四段，该段指出，新设备的发射表明NASA继续关注长期太空勘探，尽管存在一些困难。所以选项A“NASA继续探索太空的决心”为正确答案。

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1 When did NASA start working on a successor to the shuttle?

A．One year before the Columbia disaster.

B．One year after the Columbia disaster.

C．Immediately after the Columbia disaster.

D．Years before the Columbia disaster.

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2 According to the passage, the 1 billion funds, if granted, would__________.

A．be used to rebuild the International Space Station.

B．be awarded to the scientists working at NASA.

C．be shared by the two projects under the Space Launch Initiative.

D．be spent on the investigation of the Columbia disaster.

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3 请根据短文内容，回答题。

Oil Exploitation Beneath ANWR'S Frozen Earth

Is there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (保护区 ) (ANWR) to help secure America's energy future? President Bush certainly thinks so. He has argued that tapping ANWR's oil would help ease California's electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the country's energy independence. But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath the frozen earth with the last government survey, conducted in 1998, projecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels.
The oil industry goes with the high end of the range, which could equal as much as 10% of U.S. consumption for as long as six years. By pumping more than 1 million barrels a day from the reserve for the next two or three decades, lobbyists claim, the nation could cut back on imports equivalent to all shipments to the U.S. from Saudi Arabia. Sounds good. An oil boom would also mean a multibillion-dollar windfall (意外之财) in tax revenues, royalties ( 开采权使用费) and leasing fees for Alaska and the Federal Government. Best of all, advocates of drilling say, damage to the environment would be insignificant. "We've never had a document case of oil rig chasing deer out onto the pack ice." says Alaska State Representative Scott Ogan.
Not so fast, say environmentalists. Sticking to the low end of govemment estimates, the National Resources Defense Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels of economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing to ease America's energy problems. And consumers would wait up to a decade to gain any benefits, because drilling could begin only after much bargaining over leases,environmental permits and regulatory review. As for ANWR's impact on the California power crisis, environmentalists point out that oil is responsible for only 1% of the Golden State's electricity output and just 3% of the nation's.
What does President Bush think of tapping oil in ANWR?

A．It will exhaust the nation's oil reserves.

B．It will help secure the future of ANWR.

C．It will help reduce the nation's oil imports.

D．It will increase America's energy consumption.

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