考研英语

单选题According to the poll in the last paragraph,citizens’attitude toward soda tax is______.

A.divided
B.uncertain
C.positive
D.contradictory

参考答案:B进入在线模考
最后一段通过民意调查揭示了民众对于“汽水税”的接受程度。当人们被直接问及是否支持汽水税时,只有1/3的人支持,而66%的人反对;但当被问及如果这笔税款用来资助医疗项目时,很多人改变了主意。前后的变化表明人们对于汽水税的态度还不明确,[B]正确。
参考译文
美国人平均每周要饮用一加仑的汽水,大约含有l 000卡路里的热量,却完全没有营养可言;美国人的平均体重超标或肥胖。改变这两件事情中的一件能否给另外一件事情带来改善呢?
越来越多的官员都有类似想法,于是提出了向汽水征税的方法,希望能抑制汽水的消费,同时为公共健康计划筹集资金。从新墨西哥到巴尔的摩,约20个州和城市将在今年春天拟征汽水税。
民众对此事的反应是迅速而激烈的。今年3月,数十家汽水公司,包括百事、可口可乐和七喜,涌入堪萨斯州的参议院,反对在汽水中对每一匙糖多征收一美分税的提案,因为这将使l2盎司重的汽水的售价上涨约10美分,从而为政府创造每年9 000万美元的收入。“我认为这是一个明智的选择。”州参议员约翰说道。与全国各地的同行一样,他一直致力于解决经济衰退引起的财政缺口和肥胖引起的日益增长的医疗消费。可是事与愿违,他听到很多的抱怨,人们担心征收汽水税会影响就业,增加穷人的负担,政府也会因插手人们的饮食而不受欢迎。
政府介入人们的饮食在美国并不是什么新鲜事。但是为什么单单向汽水征税,而不向冰激凌、比萨饼或奥利奥征税呢?如果仅是为了解决肥胖问题,那么是不是也应该向谋杀了孩子们玩耍时间的电子游戏征税呢?华盛顿市议会成员玛丽·泽说,这是因为科学家已经证实,汽水与体重增长之间的联系最为明显。最初,玛丽决定出资赞助她的健康学校法案,以提高学校的食品和体育锻炼标准(在华盛顿的学校里约有40%的孩子超重或肥胖),她并没想过自己的法案会和汽水扯上什么关系,但数据说服了她:在过去的60年里,美国人最常饮用的汽水消费量增加了约500%,美国人平均每天摄入的卡路里为250到300。70年代后期以来,他们饮食里的热量有将近一半来自糖分饮料。“我并不打算对所有的食品征税,”李克说,“但是如果我们只选其中一样来改善现状,那必然是汽水。”
问题是提高汽水的价格是否就真的能降低人们摄入的热量?有些研究给出了肯定答案,但也有部分研究认为,这一点还存有疑义。虽然研究表明,汽水的价格提高10%,人们的购买量便会相应减少10%,但这并不意味着人们就不会从其他食物中摄取更多热量。
美国民众如何看待苏打税呢?今年4月,奎尼匹克大学的民调机构征询了纽约州居民对征收汽水税的态度,其中31%的人赞成,66%的人反对。可是当被问及如果这笔税款用于资助医疗保险时,很多人改变了主意,有48%的人表示赞成,只有49%反对。

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42.
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