Questionsare based on the following passage. -考呗网

英语四级

单选题Questionsare based on the following passage.
Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight. Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to “light” beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion. The Centers for Disease Control, for example, found that fewer than one-fourth of overweight adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet.
In rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts: for example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry （小甜饼）. Even exercise professionals concede half a point here. “Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight,” says York Onnen, program director of the President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.
Still, exercise’s supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight.
If you have been sedentary （极少活动的） and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. In a year’s time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight.
What is said about the average American in the&nb

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1Some people dislike exercise because（　　）.

A．they think it is physically exhausting
B．they find it hard to exercise while on a diet
C．they don’t think it possible to walk 3 miles every day
D．they find consulting caloric-expenditure charts troublesome

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2“Even exercise professionals concede half a point here” （Line 3, Para. 2） means “They（　　）”.

A．agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work off by exercise
B．partially believe diet plays a supporting role in weight reduction
C．are not fully convinced that dieting can help maintain one’s new weight
D．are not sufficiently informed of the positive role of exercise in losing weight（B）

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3Questions are based on the following passage.　　According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today’s traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and lessaltruistic（利他主义的）” than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.
　　Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.” It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.
　　Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic” fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.
　　That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine （a sales representative for a chemical company） was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job—even before she completed her two-year associate degree.
　　While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions—be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.
　　Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run!
　　But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on theintercom（对讲机）: “Miss Baxter,” he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”
　　From the long-term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about. According to the author’s observation, college students ________.

A．have never been so materialistic as today
B．have never been so interested in the arts
C．have never been so financially well off as today
D．have never attached so much importance to moral sense

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